Comparative Study Between Normal Pregnancy Outcome with Pregnancy with Diabetes Mellitus in Rangpur Medical College & Hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the common medical diseases with pregnancy. Increasing maternal age, overweight, life style change and family history of diabetes are all risk factor for diabetes mellitus. Objectives: To evaluate the foeto-maternal outcome in pregnancy and to compare with the patients having no DM/GDM and any medical disease. Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional descriptive study which includes both the booked case having pregestational diabetes or newly diagnosed GDM cases admitted directly through the emergency or OPD with or without labour pain. Study period: From February 2015 to August 2015. Results: During the study period total 5075 obstetrics patients were admitted out of them 32(0.63%) were diabetes mellitus with pregnancy. Both age & parity matched study were done between diabetic & control group. Among them 12 (40%) had pregestational diabetes mellitus and 18(53.33%) above the age of 30 years, majority were multipara 15(50%) patients were with the gestatinal age of 38-40 weeks. Majority patients of diabetic group 18(60%) belongs to average socioeconomic status where as in control group 7(23.33%). 11(36.67%) patients diabetic group were secondarily educated in comparison to 06(20%) in control group those are statistically highly significant (p=0.008). Regarding BMI 40% were overweight in diabetic group compare to 16.67% control group that is statistically significant as a whole (p=0.007). There was no significant difference in the rates of foetal birth asphyxia but macrosomic baby in diabetic group in 7.4% caessarean section were 27(90%) in diabetic group compare to 09(30%) in control group that is statistically highly significant (p=0.000). Successful vaginal delivery had done in 10% patients in diabetic group under supervision. Conclusion: In our country DM is not uncommon and it is often associated with higher incidence of maternal and perinatal mortality due to lack of proper antenatat, intranatat and emergency obstetric care.