Association between body mass index and dysmenorrhea among medical students: A cross-sectional study
Abstract
Background and Aim: The etiology of menstrual disorders such as dysmenorrhea, premenstrual symptoms, menorrhagia, polymenorrhea, abnormal vaginal bleeding, amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, and irregular menstruation among the can be due to various psychological as well as organic causes. This study was conducted to assess the menstrual pattern in young adult females.
Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among female MBBS students and interns of Gujarat Adani Institute of Medical Science Bhuj, Kutch, Gujarat, India. Data was collected in a semi-structured questionnaire that was administered to all undergraduate female medical students in the age group of 18-25years. The questionnaire consisted of details regarding the menstrual history- the duration and amount of flow of the recent three menstrual cycles, associated symptoms like dysmenorrhoea, leg cramps, and any other bodily changes like weight gain, hair growth, etc was taken. These students' anthropometric measurements such as height, weight BMI, any signs of hirsutism, or androgenic were recorded.
Results: 2.9% of the students had polymenorrhoea. Oligomenorrhoea was found in 14% of participants. The length of the menstrual interval was normal (i.e. 21-35 days) in 76% of the students whereas 6.8% of students had an irregular menstrual cycle. It was found that a high percentage (66.6%) of students who were overweight/obese were reportedly suffering from dysmenorrhea. Whereas lesser percentage underweight (44.7%) and normal weight (55.5%) students were reportedly suffering from dysmenorrhea.
Conclusion: Early diagnosis and management of dysmenorrhea should be done and appropriate necessary lifestyle modification should be encouraged among young females to reduce the incidence of PCOD and metabolic syndrome later in life.
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References
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